Application of zinc electrolysis without transverse vacuum guttering
The application of zinc electrolysis is not applied in vacuum electroforming. Dong Runzhong (Huludao Nonferrous Metals Group, Huludao 125003, Liaoning, China) Anode slime. This paper mainly expounds how to remove the 1* pole mud at the bottom of the tank by means of non-transverse electricity. This method has a low labor intensity, is easy to adjust and control, and can manage a tank every 10 minutes, greatly improving the ergonomics. In the zinc electrolysis process, a large amount of anode slime is produced. For each day of production, the anode mud at the bottom of the cell rises by 5 to 10 mm, and the bottom edge of the plate is 350 to 450 mm from the bottom of the cell. The bottom of the tank is also similar to the bottom of the thickener. It is also divided into thick mud layer, muddy layer and clear layer. The dense mud layer and the haze layer each account for half. When the haze layer contacts the bottom of the anode plate, the zinc plate will lead uplift and lead to 2 zinc. When the thick mud layer comes into contact with the bottom edge of the cathode plate, not only will the lead content of the zinc plate increase, but also the anode and cathode plates will be short-circuited, causing the bottom edge of the plate to burn off. Therefore, it is necessary to lick the tank every 30 to 40 days. When hand-cutting, you have to put forward all the cathode plates, each slot anode to the two sides, leaving the middle place, people can go to the anode slime. After the completion of the tank, the anode plate has to be set up to clean the surface of the tank and clear the lower and return pipes, liquids, filling liquid, plugboards, power transmission, etc., and zinc tablets cannot be produced the next day, which affects the output. . The discharge of the bottom of the "V" type tank has serious liquid loss, and it also has to undergo power outages. In contrast, vacuum gutters are much more convenient, do not have to power off, find two places with equal intervals in each slot, put two anodes in each place, and probe the *T* type white steel pipe to the bottom of the trough. 90% can pick mud, every 10min will be able to pick a slot, both labor-saving and fast. 2 Equipment Selection and Configuration Requirements 2.1 Vacuum Equipment Vacuum equipment for pumping anode slime includes water ring vacuum pump or steam jet pump. If the electrolysis workshop has a 0.5Mpa steam supply, a steam jet pump may be used, otherwise a water ring vacuum pump may be used. When selecting a vacuum pump, the minimum degree of vacuum required for vacuum squeezing is first determined, and the required degree of vacuum is related to the configuration of the electrolytic cell, the vacuum receiver, and the length of the suction delivery pipe. The following empirical formula can be used to calculate the minimum vacuum required for vacuum guttering: AP pipe pressure drop, 1 m per extension, pipe pressure drop can be seen from the above formula, when the electrolytic tank configuration is certain, the vacuum receiver installed The lower the height, the lower the degree of vacuum required, ie the easier it is to pump. Practice has proved that: Ah = h device - h tank = 1.5 ~ 2.5m ideal, the pump suction volume should be 10 ~ 20m3/min. After the calculation, then the maximum vacuum vacuum pump P should be greater than PdP; are absolute Pressure, Pa). 2.2 Vacuum Receiver The vacuum receiver is generally a cylinder sealer with a volume of 2~3m3. Considering the corrosion problem, it is usually welded with stainless steel plates, or it can be made of glass fiber reinforced plastics. The ratio of the height to height is 1: (2~3) ), should be installed at a height of 1.5~2.5m from the bottom of the electrolyzer. 2.3 Slots with 2~3m3 liquid-sealed troughs are welded in stainless steel plates. The installation position is usually within 2m of the pit with an elevation of ±0.00m. The formula for calculating the bottom elevation of the sealing trough is as follows: P operating vacuum, Pa,* Generally 67000 ~ 80000Pa; 7 liquid waste electrolytic weight is generally 1200 ~ 1250kg/m3; H liquid seal tank maximum liquid surface twist, generally Bu 1.5m2.4 anode mud pump is generally used acid resistant slurry pump. 3 Theoretical calculations 3.1 Maximum vacuum required for pumping anode slime Ah Difference between the elevation of the inlet of the vacuum receiver and the elevation of the bottom of the cell. That is, Ah=hu-h is taken as 2.0m; therefore, the maximum vacuum degree of vacuum pump P>Pl=44.66kPa is selected, and p is 60kPa. 3.2 Vacuum glucoside height calculation Pp*gh 4 Vacuum sluice working principle 4.1 Vacuum pump working principle Because the impeller and the pump body are eccentric, so the formation of a crescent between the equal thickness of the water ring and the impeller hub formed when the impeller rotates The space is divided by the leaves into a number of closed cells with different volumes and sizes. When the impeller rotates, the volume of the enclosed chamber is small to large, and the gas is sucked in. With the continued rotation of the impeller, the volume of the closed chamber is greatly reduced and the gas is compressed. This process is repeated and continuous, and the purpose of pumping gas can be achieved. During work, water is continuously supplied to the pump at a certain pressure to form a water ring, and excess water is continuously discharged along with the gas through the exhaust chamber. 4.2 Principle of intermittent vacuum guttering The bottom valve of the receiver is closed. Open the vacuum pump and suck the mud and liquid in the electrolytic cell. After the mud in the electrolytic cell is basically sucked, release the bottom valve and the anode mud and liquid enter the anode mud pool. Close the bottom valve after venting, continue to suck the mud and liquid in other electrolyzers, and circulate back and forth. Take a plant as an example, clean up the system of anode slime. Tian 1 clean anode slime system diagram (unit: m> 1* low water separator: 2* water ring vacuum pump; 3 vacuum receiver; 4 electrolytic tank; 5 anode mud pump; 6 anode slime pool; 7* acid-resistant honing Ball valve; 8 stainless steel pipe; 9 vacuum safety valve 5 Auxiliary equipment configuration requirements 5.1 vacuum safety valve By cleaning the anode mud system diagram, there is no steam separator in this figure, but a large-scale wet zinc smelting plant such as Huludao zinc plant vacuum The guttering device has a steam separator, the height of the vacuum pipeline is greater than 10m, and the maximum negative pressure of the water ring vacuum pump is -89kPa, which can ensure that the liquid is not sucked into the vacuum pump.If a vacuum safety valve is installed above the receiver, cancel The separator also ensures that the liquid is not drawn into the vacuum pump. According to the height of the receiver, if the liquid in the receiver enters the vacuum pump, the negative pressure in the vacuum pump must be greater than 45000Pa, while the negative pressure of the pipeline inhaling the anode mud is only a little more than 16 000Pa, so the vacuum safety valve selects 40,000Pa, There will be no backflow of liquid. Because before the liquid flows back, the vacuum safety valve opens earlier. 5.2 The main size of the receiver is determined to be 13545m3, then the minimum volume of the receiver is calculated as 4.5m3, then the height of the receiver is determined as follows: XjcX1)/3.14=11m Take the middle height of the receiver is 2m, can Make sure it is enough. The optimal height of the receiver inlet and the bottom of the electrolyzer is 2.0m, then the inlet elevation is 3.6 m, the receiver bottom elevation is 1.0 m, the middle height is 2.0 m, and the top cone is 0.5 m. The safety factor of the liquid is quite awkward. (Continued on page 80) and its countermeasures. China Certified Public Accountant, 2000, Chen Yonghong. Talking about the Contradiction and Countermeasures Faced by China 's CPA Industry in China Today . WTO and the Opening of China 's Accounting Market . Accounting Research, 2000, Li Shuang. WTO's reform and opening up in China's accounting market. 2000, 1. Create talents, seize opportunities, face challenges, and accession to the WTO will surely push China's CPA industry forward. Fortunately, Deng Jinghui. The Challenge Faced by the Chinese Certified Public Accountant Industry after China's Accession to the WTO (Continued from page 67) 5.3 The size of the anode slime pool The pool below the anode mud pool is determined to have a capacity of 3mx3mx2m=18m3. If the mud and fluid in one tank are dropped by 200mm, the pool is 18m3. Can hold 18xl.35/4.5x.2=27 crucible anode slime, after a certain amount, can be pumped into the middle leaching oxidation tank with 2 inch corrosion resistant vertical mud pump. 6 Summary In the wet zinc smelting, intermittent vacuum sluice is of great significance. In the manual cleaning process, the primary smelting tank at least delays the output for two days, and the wet smelting zinc plant with an annual output of 10,000 tons produces 330 days per year. If you make more than 1 t of zinc and earn 600 yuan, then you can increase the annual efficiency: 10000X330X2X600/330/40=30 (million yuan). If you don't use the first half of the year, you can recover all the investment in vacuum equipment. The approximate budget for vacuum squeezing equipment and equipment is as follows: 0.3 million yuan for low-level steam separator, 20,000 yuan for water ring vacuum pump, 30, 000 yuan for vacuum receiver, 5,000 yuan for anode mud pump, 15,000 yuan for anode slime pool, and stainless steel pipe Road 3 million yuan; other 2 million yuan; a total of 123,000 yuan. It is a white inorganic pigment with non-toxic, best opacity, best whiteness and brightness, and is considered to be the best white pigment in the world today. Titanium white has strong adhesion, is not easy to change chemically, and is always white. Widely used in coatings, plastics, papermaking, printing inks, chemical fiber, rubber, cosmetics and other industries. 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