Research on the Index System of Circular Economy Evaluation
Replica and After Market Alloy Wheel Wheel Base Alloys,16 Inch Alloy Wheels,17 Inch Alloy Wheels,19 Inch Rims NINGBO KINTOP AUTOPARTS CO., LTD. , https://www.wheelmake.com
I. Introduction
Under the guidance of the scientific concept of development, the circular economy has been identified as China's economic development model. This is China's three global crises facing the world's "population, resources, and environment" and the depletion of domestic resources, pollution, and ecological destruction. Under the circumstances, major strategic decisions have been made in economic development. As one of the countermeasures to solve these problems, the theory of circular economy has received more and more attention. The circular economy was proposed by the American economist K. Boulding in the 1960s by the launch of the spacecraft to analyze the development of the earth economy, with 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle-reduction, reuse, Recycling is a principle designed to reduce the consumption of resources and environmental pollution by population growth to maintain economic sustainability. In line with this, the scientific construction of circular economy evaluation index system and method is an important part of circular economy research.
   Second, the connotation of circular economy
The circular economy is an abbreviation for the closing materials cycle economy. It is a material flow economy model characterized by “resources→products→renewable resources†characterized by material, energy ladders and closed-circuit recycling. It has changed the traditional one-way flow pattern of high-strength mining and resource consumption and high-intensity destruction of the ecological environment, that is, the linear economic growth of “resources→products→wasteâ€, which organically combines environmental protection and economic growth. It requires 3R as the code of conduct for social and economic activities, and uses ecological laws to organize economic activities into a “resources→products→renewable resources†feedback process to achieve “low mining, high utilization, low emissions†to maximize Use the materials and energy entering the system to improve resource utilization; minimize pollutant emissions and improve economic operation quality and efficiency.
“Reduction, reuse, recycling†is the most important practical principle of the circular economy. Reduction is designed to reduce the quality of materials entering the production and consumption process, saving resources from the source and reducing emissions (inputs); reuse is to improve the efficiency of the use of products and services, requiring products and packaging containers to be initial Multiple uses of the form reduce the contamination of the primary product (process method); recycling requires the use of natural resources and products in multiple ways and in multiple ways (output method).
The circular economy is embodied in the enterprise level (small cycle), the regional level (middle cycle) and the social level (large cycle). The 3R principle is used to realize the closed-loop flow of materials at three levels.
  Third, the construction of circular economy evaluation index system ideas and principles
(1) Construction ideas
The construction of the evaluation index system is mainly the selection of indicators and the determination of the structural relationship between them. This is a very complicated process, and a combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative research should be adopted. Qualitative analysis is mainly based on the purpose and principle of evaluation, considering the adequacy, feasibility, stability and necessity of the evaluation indicators. Quantitative research is a process that makes the indicator system more scientific and reasonable through a series of tests. Therefore, the construction process of the evaluation index system is divided into two stages: the primary selection and improvement process of the evaluation indicators.
(2) Construction principles
In order to measure the level of circular economy development objectively, comprehensively and scientifically, the following basic principles should be followed when researching and determining the evaluation index system and setting specific evaluation indicators:
1. The unity of science and practicality. The choice of indicators should be based on the theory of circular economy, accurately grasp the essence of circular economy, to correctly understand the circular economy, must be based on the scientific basis of full understanding and systematic research, the index system can comprehensively cover the connotation of the strategic goal of circular economy development And the extent to which the goal is achieved. At the same time, the setting of indicators should be simple and easy to understand. It is necessary to consider the difficulty and reliability of data acquisition. It is best to use existing statistics to select representative comprehensive and key indicators as much as possible.
2. Systematic and hierarchical. The setting of the indicator system must comprehensively describe the development level of each aspect and avoid the overlap of indicators; at the same time, it should be separated according to the structure of the whole system; the index system is also hierarchical, and the indicators are classified to make the structure of the indicator system clear and clear. Easy to use.
3. Unity of comprehensiveness and representativeness. As an organic whole, the indicator system is the result of the combination of various factors. The development of circular economy involves all levels of society. The indicator system must fully consider the sub-levels of the entire social system, reflecting the main characteristics of the evaluated system from different angles. situation. At the same time, for each system to be expressed, the index selection should emphasize the representativeness and typicality, avoiding the selection of similar and repeated indicators, making the indicator system simple and easy to use.
4. Comparability and reliability are unified. The evaluation index system should remain relatively stable for a certain period of time. Only in this way can the evaluation results of indicators be compared in horizontal (spatial dimension) and vertical (time dimension). Under the principle of comparability, the selection of statistical indicators should be clear and consistent, consistent with international practices, in line with international norms and the requirements of the current domestic statistical system to ensure the reliability of statistical data.
Fourth, the design framework and content of the circular economy evaluation index system
According to the above basic ideas and principles for establishing a circular economy evaluation index system, the proposed design framework is shown in Figure 1. From left to right, it is the target layer, the criterion layer and the indicator layer. Under the overall goal of circular economy evaluation, resources, environment and economy are divided. And the four subsystems of the society; each subsystem sets indicators from different sides to form a clear and targeted circular economy index system framework.
Figure 1 Circular Economy Evaluation Index System
  V. Evaluation method of circular economy indicator system
(1) Determination of indicator weights
In general, the impact of each indicator affecting the evaluation object is different. Some indicators are more important, and the weight of the component is heavier, while others are lighter. Therefore, the corresponding weight should be given according to the importance of each indicator. Specifically, Dilph method, principal component analysis method, analytic hierarchy process, expert scoring method, etc. can be used.
(2) Quantification of quantitative indicator attribute values
Because there is incommensurability between the index attribute values, there is no uniform metric, and it is not convenient to analyze and compare the indicators. Therefore, before conducting a comprehensive evaluation, the attribute values ​​of the evaluation indicators should be uniformly quantified. The method of quantifying the attribute values ​​of each index varies with the type of evaluation index. In the comprehensive evaluation model, the membership function library selected when various indicators are quantified can be established. The quantified indicators are comparable and create the necessary conditions for comprehensive evaluation.
(3) Quantification of attribute values ​​of qualitative indicators
In the evaluation index system, some indicators are difficult to describe quantitatively, and only qualitative estimates and judgments can be made. This can be handled by expert review methods, depending on the evaluation method. If the expert judgement method is adopted, the expert group (at least 20 members) shall determine the scores of each indicator according to the content of the evaluation indicators according to the evaluation criteria, and calculate the scores of each evaluation index:
Evaluation index score value = sum of grade factors selected by each review expert / total number of review experts
In this way, according to the evaluation values ​​of various indicators and the weights of various indicators, the comprehensive evaluation value of the circular economy indicators can be calculated step by step, layer by layer, which is the corresponding quantitative membership degree of each qualitative indicator.
(4) Specific evaluation methods
According to the above evaluation index system, the circular economy has many characteristics such as multiple indicators, multiple levels, dynamics, incomplete information, and many human factors. It is difficult to carry out objective and scientific comprehensive evaluation, and it is necessary to select appropriate evaluation methods. At present, fuzzy evaluation methods, grey evaluation methods, and evaluation methods based on neural networks and rough sets are effective for dealing with such problems. One of the methods can be selected according to specific needs or several of them can be combined for comprehensive evaluation, so that the evaluation results are more scientific.
 Conclusion
This paper proposes a circular economy evaluation index system, which is based on the research of the basic model of circular economy operation, conforms to the specific connotation and essence of circular economy, and classifies and describes the index structure of the circular economy indicator system. The four systems of resources, environment, economy and society comprehensively evaluate the development level of circular economy, and finally explain the evaluation method of circular economy indicator system. The design of the indicator system is not only applicable to the measurement of the level of development of the circular economy, but also to the evaluation of the performance of government officials. The circular economy evaluation system is a complex system engineering, in order to find problems in the application process of the method, and to improve and correct the existing methods.