Talking about Turbocharge Technology
Foreword: Travel is an important part of people's daily life and it is becoming an indispensable part of life. Although there are many ways to travel, the most widely used one is none other than a car. It has been more than 130 years since Mercedes invented the automobile. With the advancement of human science and technology, the development of the automobile is changing with each passing day. The car also transformed itself from the luxury that was once used by the rich and nobles to the everyday travel tools of the common people. This is exactly what the old Wang Xietang ex-yan and flew into the homes of ordinary people. When it comes to cars, you have to mention the engine. It is the core of the vehicle's operation. From the initial steam engine to the internal combustion engine to the increasingly popular turbocharging, the performance and efficiency of the engine are pushed to the limit step by step. . The invention of the car has greatly improved people's quality of life, but a series of problems that follow cannot be ignored. The most serious problem is environmental pollution and energy crisis. For this reason, countries around the world are trying their best to promote it. New energy vehicles may be a way out, but those solutions are not mature and costly. Therefore, it is a good choice to improve existing engine technologies and increase operating efficiency to reduce emissions. The use of turbocharging technology is right now. The recognized wisdom of turbocharged inventors was the Swiss engineer Bisch who filed the patent in 1905. At that time, it was mainly used in aircraft engines and tank engines. It was not until 1961 that General Motors of the United States installed the turbocharger tentatively on a certain model of its production. The SAAB Saab company, Sweden, rejuvenated the turbocharged technology. The SAAB99 model introduced in 1977 spreads turbocharger technology more widely, and this technology is most vividly used by Honda Motors, Honda 1.5-liter V6 turbocharged engine RA167E, maximum power of 1050P horsepower, with a capacity of 1.5 liters per row. The 1050P horsepower was weighed out, which is where the turbocharged power is. From 1986 to 1989, all the drivers who had driven the F1 car equipped with this engine had almost won all the victories, showing the charm of turbocharged technology. Although turbocharging was used very early, it was a matter of more than a dozen years that the pandemic began. With the growing environmental pollution, government departments have started to set stringent automobile emission standards, which forced automakers to continue to reduce the engine. Displacement and extensive use of turbocharged technology to respond to policy changes. The best thing that could be done is Volkswagen Group. In that year, China vigorously promoted the efficient power combination of the 1.4T+7-speed DSG gearbox. Its fuel-saving features rapidly swept the entire continent when oil prices were high, and the Volkswagen Group also With this wind of shareholders, it became the world’s second-largest automaker, with market value and sales ranking the top-ranked Toyota Motor. Nowadays, automakers all over the world are vigorously developing turbocharged engines and have developed various technologies such as exhaust gas turbocharger, twin turbocharger, supercharger, electric turbocharger, and composite turbocharger. , single turbo twin scroll, variable section turbo and so on. We know that the turbocharger is actually an air compressor. The exhaust gas from the engine is used to push the impeller. The exhaust impeller drives the air intake impeller to compress the air. At the same displacement, it gets more air than a naturally aspirated engine. This can be Allows the fuel to burn more fully and achieve higher thermal efficiency. Let's take a look at these turbocharging technologies below: 1. Exhaust turbocharger: It is composed of exhaust impeller and intake impeller. Exhaust gas pushes the exhaust impeller and the exhaust impeller drives the intake impeller to achieve the purpose of supercharging. The advantage is that the structure is simple and the cost is low. The disadvantage is that the turbo lag phenomenon is obvious. 2. Twin turbocharger: parallel and series two, parallel connection is composed of two small exhaust gas turbines of the same size. When the speed is low, the exhaust volume is small, a group of turbines work, and when the rotation speed is high, the two groups work together. The series connection is It is composed of two large and small turbines coaxially connected in series. When the rotating speed is low, the small turbine operates. When the rotating speed is high, the turbines work together. The advantages of turbo lag are significantly reduced, and the disadvantage is that the structure is responsible for high costs. 3. Mechanical supercharging: Mechanical supercharging is an air compressor driven directly by the crankshaft of the engine. The Roots pump is generally used. The advantage is that there is no turbo lag and the power is on call. The disadvantage is that the supercharger consumes engine power, not exhaust gas, so it does not save energy, but it will increase fuel consumption. 4. Electric turbocharging: As the name implies, it is the supercharger that uses the motor to drive the vane compressed air. It is usually used in conjunction with the exhaust gas turbine to improve the shortcomings of low speed turbo lag, but the general motor power is too small to increase. Pressure pressure, the special motor cost is too high, so the application is not extensive. However, Audi has recently made breakthroughs in this area, but it can only be assembled into high-end models. 5.Composite turbocharger: compound, that is, a mixture of several turbochargers, commonly used combination of mechanical turbocharger plus exhaust turbocharger, electric turbocharger plus exhaust gas turbocharger, these combinations are due to the complex structure of the cost Excessive use is not much 6. Variable-area turbocharging: This is a new technology in the field of turbocharging that eliminates turbo lag and is simple and cost-effective. The principle is to add a ring of variable guide vanes around the exhaust gas exhaust vanes, and adjust the guide vanes to control the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust inlet to achieve the purpose of controlling the turbine speed. Turbocharger development can be said to have matured technically. It can not only improve combustion efficiency but also enhance engine power. It also reduces engine displacement, makes the engine smaller and lighter, and also reduces vehicle weight. Make the car more fuel-efficient. However, there are always two sides of things, and the turbocharged engine has the advantage of fuel economy, but it also brings other problems, the most prominent being the burning of oil. There are still ridicules on this network: “This is the latest hybrid car. "Gasoline engine oil hybrid" has also made a lot of noise in the automobile industry, and even shouted the slogan of not buying a turbocharged car to buy a car. This approach is too aggressive. We must treat these issues with a dialectical attitude. We cannot deny all its advantages because of a shortcoming. Science has infinite possibilities for the future. With the improvement of industrial processing precision, new materials are used. With the change of new technologies, these problems are ultimately not problems and they are easily resolved. Conclusion: Cars have changed our way of life and improved our quality of life, but environmental pollution and energy crisis are obstacles that stand in front of the road. Turbochargers have brought a change to the car, allowing it to continue Serving humans, perhaps fossil-energy cars will eventually be eliminated, but turbochargers will certainly leave a heavy emphasis on the history of human cars.
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