Research on Slow-release Fertilizer for Agriculture to Solve the Contradiction between Sustainable Development of Agriculture and Shortage of Resources in China (1)
First, reduce the fertilization steps to achieve the provincial economy In the early 90s of the last century, the research group of the center Zong Zongxi began to devote to the research of agricultural slow-release fertilizers, and developed the production technology and application technology of slow-release coating fertilizers. This achievement has been successively awarded the second prize of scientific and technological progress of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the third prize of the National Scientific and Technological Progress Award, and the star award of the invention of the United Nations China branch. The invented coating fertilizer and its coating method and equipment for producing coated fertilizer obtained national inventions. patent. Over the past few years, coated slow-release fertilizers have been widely promoted in 13 counties and cities in Hebei Province. The average annual increase in production for six years is 13.5%, which is 8-10% higher than that of general compound fertilizers. The yield is 500 kg per mu in wheat and 550 kg in corn. With a lint yield of 100 kilograms, a single crop can be applied once. Tests on watermelon, peach, celery, strawberry, cabbage, jujube and other crops all showed increased yields and significantly improved crop quality. According to the preliminary determination, the application of coated slow-release fertilizers can increase the amino acid in corn kernels by 3%, and increase the vitamin content of fruits and melons. In the promotion of this fertilizer test, there was no incident of harming farmers, and there was no record of production cuts, which was welcomed by the farmers.
In the use of the fertilizer, the straw is crushed, the seedling is sowed, the fertilizer is deeply applied, the plastic film is covered, and other procedures are completed at one time. The traditional crop can be used as a base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing to be simplified as one application and directly reduced. The operating cost is about 20%. At the same time, due to the simplification of the agricultural production process, water can be saved by 30% when water is poured once, and soil water storage capacity can be increased by 16% to 19%. Compared with the traditional method, the use of the fertilizer can increase the grain yield by more than 10%, increase wheat and corn crops by 309 yuan per mu, and cotton by 224 yuan per mu.
Second, the integration of blending technology to achieve high quality and efficiency The development and application of coated slow-release primary fertilizer is not only a revolution in the fertilizer industry, but also an important guarantee to achieve high quality and high yield, but also led the agricultural machinery industry and fertilization technology innovation and progress. Among the fertilizers applied in China, the average utilization of nitrogen fertilizer is only 30-35%, phosphorus fertilizer is 15-20%, and potassium fertilizer is 35-50%. In nitrogen fertilizer alone, about 18 million tons of the 26 million tons of nitrogen fertilizers used in China are lost through different channels. This is not only a huge economic loss, but also a serious waste of resources. It also exacerbates fertilization on soil, Atmospheric and groundwater pollution. Therefore, adjusting the nutrient structure, innovating fertilizer products, optimizing fertilization techniques, and reforming the farming model to integrate the effects to improve the overall level of fertilizer application in China are the urgent needs for realizing sustainable agricultural development and establishing a conservation-oriented society. Moreover, with the continuous advancement of agricultural technology, the remarkable effect of obtaining high quality and high output is no longer the result of a nutrient or a product, but an integrated effect of multi-nutrient cooperation and complementarity and multiple production factors.