[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] On October 26th, the "2016 Livestock Mechanization Forum" was held as scheduled. Kong Liang, deputy director of the Department of Agricultural Mechanization Management of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wang Junxun, deputy director of the Animal Husbandry Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, and Shi Zhengxiang, professor of China Agricultural University and vice chairman of the Animal Husbandry Branch of the Chinese Agricultural Engineering Society, contributed a great amount of information to the audience of the forum. The policy-oriented animal husbandry development feast also allowed the audience to find the next outlet of agricultural mechanization: animal husbandry mechanization.
The next outlet for agricultural mechanization: mechanization of animal husbandry
Livestock mechanization
With the improvement of human living standards and the pursuit of healthy living, animal products have begun to change from the primary food to the necessities of life. Taking China as an example, from 1978 to 2012, the annual consumption of per capita rations in China dropped from 225 kg to 117.6 kg, while the annual per capita consumption of meat increased from 8.86 kg to 29.1 kg. By 2015, per capita meat possession The amount reached 62.8 kg, exceeding the world average; the per capita poultry egg occupancy was 21.8 kg, reaching the level of developed countries; the per capita milk consumption was 28.1 kg, about 1/4 of the world average.
Deputy Director Wang Junxun said that the development of animal husbandry should obey and serve the overall situation of economic and social development. It is the primary task of animal husbandry to meet the consumption needs of major livestock products such as meat and eggs, and to ensure the safety of the tongue. Animal product safety is the focus, and the safety of feed and primary animal products (raw milk, etc.) is the source. With the changes in consumer demand in China, the growth rate of animal products is changing, the structure of animal products is changing, and the production methods of animal products are also changing. China's animal husbandry "13th Five-Year Plan" pointed out that by 2020, China's meat production should reach 90 million tons, including 13.04 million tons of cattle and sheep, an average annual increase of 2.6%; 30 million tons of eggs, basically the same as 2015 Milk is 41 million tons, with an average annual growth rate of 1.2%. This also means that China's livestock industry has entered a stage of transformation and development.
What is the stage of transformation? Shi Zhengxiang, a professor at China Agricultural University, has defined that automation, intensification, and scale are higher, environmental control technology is more advanced, and biosafety is higher than traditional aquaculture. The important signs at this stage are: small-scale retail investors withdraw quickly, the keeper is difficult to recruit, the labor cost is doubled, the demand for mechanization and automated farming technology is improved, the quality and safety requirements of animal products are generally concerned, and standardized scale farming support technology is sought. Large enterprises are involved, and a large amount of extra-currency funds are pouring in. These changes not only bring opportunities and challenges to farmers, but also bring opportunities and challenges to the mechanization of animal husbandry. Wang Junxun said that improving the mechanization level of animal husbandry is an important means to ensure the meat production rate of livestock and poultry, improve the international competitiveness of China's meat products and increase the income of the aquaculture industry. At the moment when the mechanization level of major food crops continues to increase and the mechanization level of economic crops continues to accelerate, adapting to changes in consumer demand and accelerating the level of animal husbandry mechanization will become another breakthrough point in the development of agricultural machinery in China.
The potential of animal husbandry mechanization is endless
It is precisely because of the changes in demand that it also brings endless opportunities, and the spring of animal husbandry mechanization is beckoning.
According to Wang Junxun, as the world's largest livestock and poultry farming country, the annual output of China's meat in 2015 was 86.25 million tons, of which the output of poultry and eggs was 29.9 million tons, ranking the world; the output of milk was 37.55 million tons, ranking third in the world. Even so, China’s meat imports have been on the rise in recent years, and the trade deficit has been expanding. The cause of this phenomenon is similar to that of food crops. In terms of production efficiency, compared with developed countries, China’s livestock production The efficiency is not high enough. The output of the same feed input is lower than the world's advanced level. On the technical level, compared with the international advanced level, the development of China's animal husbandry, production level, and scientific and technological support are also relatively backward.
According to Professor Shi Zhengxiang, in the developed countries of Europe and America, the automation and intelligent technology has been widely used and applied. The farms are highly dependent on various breeding facilities. The breeding scale of 900 sow farms (including piglets) only needs 3 Personnel management, the number of weaned pigs per nurse year can reach 28-32. Shi Zhengxiang said that modern livestock and poultry breeding facilities and environmental control technologies have been developed to a relatively high stage, such as dynamic breeding technology and facilities and equipment supporting technology to reflect animal care, livestock and poultry house environmental control and intelligent management technology, field Layout and biosafety measures, closed insulation and energy conservation measures for livestock and poultry houses, and manure collection and management techniques for livestock and poultry farms have been widely used in developed countries. China is still in its infancy in this regard, which means that there is huge market space in this field.
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