Multinational Enterprises Discuss the Future Development of Automobile Engines
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While domestic automobile engine manufacturers are focusing on the development of Euro II and Euro III engines, international companies are already looking ahead to European VII and even Euro X standards. Leading global automotive firms such as German Volkswagen, U.S. General Motors, French Peugeot/Citroen, Japanese Toyota, U.S. Cummins, and German Bosch have unveiled their latest research findings and technological innovations in the field of automotive engines, offering a glimpse into the future of vehicle power systems.
Volkswagen has emphasized the importance of oil as a key energy source, stating that there is a growing conflict between rising global energy demand and declining mineral oil production. To ensure long-term fuel supply for vehicles, the company is not only aiming to improve the efficiency of existing fuels but also exploring diversification, especially through alternative and renewable energy sources. Dr. W. Steiger from Volkswagen AG explained that while hydrogen energy may eventually become the main power source, it will take at least 20 years to overcome all technical challenges. Therefore, Volkswagen's strategy includes short-, medium-, and long-term goals: improving current powertrain systems, developing hybrid technologies with alternative energy sources, and ultimately creating CO2-neutral power systems.
Currently, Volkswagen is working on advanced hybrid diesel combustion systems and spontaneous ignition gasoline engines, aiming to combine the low fuel consumption of diesel with the emission benefits of gasoline through direct injection technology. The next step is to develop a hybrid system using synthetic fuels, including "sunshine fuel."
Toyota, known for its commitment to hybrid technology, recently launched the new Prius, showcasing its latest advancements in automotive power. According to Toyota’s director Yaechi Takeuchi, by the end of the century, the number of vehicles worldwide could increase from 700 million to 2 billion, with 50% of fuel replaced by alternative sources. Hybrid technology is seen as a key solution for reducing emissions and fuel consumption.
Peugeot/Citroen focuses on improving engine efficiency through innovations like engine miniaturization, multiple injection technologies, and particulate filters. Bosch, which has produced 10 million common rail systems, believes that "sunlight fuel" and hydrogen are mid- to long-term goals. Currently, engines must meet Euro V to Euro VII standards, with full particulate trap installation. For Euro X, additional technologies such as high-pressure common rail systems, efficient EGR, and high-quality diesel are required.
Cummins remains committed to diesel engines, highlighting their performance, fuel economy, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. In the U.S., where emission regulations are strict, Cummins has made significant improvements, achieving better power, fuel efficiency, and lower emissions. They also developed high-pressure natural gas (CNG) engines with thermal efficiency comparable to diesel engines.
Overall, the automotive industry is undergoing a transformation, balancing traditional technologies with emerging alternatives to meet stricter environmental standards and changing consumer demands.