Multinational Enterprises Discuss the Future Development of Automobile Engines
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While domestic automobile engine manufacturers are focused on developing Euro II and Euro III engines, international companies are already looking ahead to the development of European VII or even Euro X standards. Leading global automakers such as German Volkswagen, U.S. General Motors, French Peugeot/Citroen, Japanese Toyota, U.S. Cummins, and German Bosch have showcased their latest research and technical innovations in the automotive engine sector, offering a glimpse into the future of vehicle powertrains.
Volkswagen has emphasized the importance of oil as a key energy source, acknowledging the growing tension between rising global energy demand and declining fossil fuel production. According to Dr. W. Steiger from Volkswagen AG, ensuring long-term energy supply for vehicles requires not only improving the efficiency of existing fuels but also diversifying energy sources, particularly through the use of alternatives and renewables. The company's strategy is to gradually transition from traditional mineral oil-based powertrains to systems compatible with synthetic fuels and "sunshine fuel." While hydrogen energy is seen as a long-term solution, it is expected to take at least 20 years before becoming mainstream. Therefore, Volkswagen focuses on short-, medium-, and long-term strategies, including optimizing current powertrain systems, developing hybrid technologies with alternative fuels, and eventually creating COâ‚‚-neutral powertrains.
Toyota remains committed to hybrid technology, with its new Prius model representing the brand’s latest advancements. Toyota's director, Yaechi Takeuchi, highlighted that by the end of the century, the global vehicle population could rise to 2 billion, with 50% of fuel replaced by alternative sources. Hybrid technology is seen as a key solution for balancing performance and fuel efficiency. Currently, Toyota is working on third-generation hybrid systems that aim to provide smooth and dynamic driving experiences.
Peugeot/Citroen is focusing on improving engine efficiency through innovations like miniaturization, multiple injection, particulate filters, and advanced mixing technologies. Bosch, which has produced 10 million common rail systems, sees sunlight fuel and hydrogen as mid- to long-term goals. For now, meeting stricter emission standards like Euro V to Euro VII requires advanced technologies such as particulate traps, catalytic converters, and high-pressure common rail systems. Bosch is also developing piezo injectors and low-resistance particulate traps to further reduce emissions and improve durability.
Cummins continues to prioritize diesel engines, emphasizing their reliability, performance, and fuel economy. In China, where Cummins sold over 160,000 units in 2003, the company has made significant improvements in engine technology to meet strict U.S. emissions standards. Compared to 1970s models, modern engines have doubled in power, improved fuel economy by 50%, and reduced emissions by 90%. Cummins has also developed high-pressure direct-injection natural gas (CNG) engines that match the thermal efficiency of diesel engines while offering better economic benefits.