To improve the yield and sugar content of watermelons, farmers can adopt several effective agricultural practices. One key method is to manage nitrogen and phosphorus levels carefully. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer can lead to increased protein synthesis, which in turn reduces sugar accumulation in the fruit. Therefore, it's advisable to use less chemical nitrogen fertilizer and instead apply more organic materials such as compost, pig manure, and human waste. A recommended base fertilizer mix includes 300 kg of compost per mu, 500 kg of pig dung, 400 kg of human waste, and 80–100 kg of cake fertilizer, along with 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Alternatively, applying 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer directly around the roots during the early stages of fruit development can significantly boost sugar content by 3–4 degrees.
Another effective technique is to spray a sweetening solution during the seedling and flowering stages. This solution can be made by dissolving 30 grams of borax, 5 grams of stevia, and 5 grams of calcium chloride in 50 kg of water. Spraying this mixture in the afternoon when the sun is strong can increase both yield and sweetness by approximately 1–2 tons and 1.5 degrees, respectively.
Additionally, using a special sweetening fertilizer can further enhance results. Mix 500 grams of stevia with 10 kilograms of soybeans, add 25 kg of water, and boil until the liquid evaporates. Once cooled, mix in 15 kg of ammonium phosphate. Apply this mixture to the soil around the roots at a depth of 13 cm, using 30–50 grams per plant. Watering once every seven days after application can increase watermelon yield by up to 20% and raise sugar content by 1.5–2.5 percentage points.
These methods not only help in producing sweeter and more abundant watermelons but also promote sustainable farming practices that benefit both the environment and the farmer’s income. By combining proper nutrient management with natural additives, growers can achieve better results without relying heavily on synthetic chemicals.
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