Not long ago, 21 local refinery companies in Shandong submitted a formal report to the National Development and Reform Commission through the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, under the name of the Shandong Refining and Chemical Engineering Association. They strongly advocated for the establishment of a local ethanol gasoline distribution center. This marked the first time that the two major state-owned oil companies—Sinopec and PetroChina—faced organized opposition from Shandong’s independent refiners.
The leaders of these local oil companies emphasized their capability to produce and distribute ethanol gasoline. “We have the technology and the production capacity,†one executive said. “Why aren’t we allowed to participate in this market?†The question reflects growing frustration among Shandong’s smaller refining firms, which feel excluded from a sector they believe they are fully capable of entering.
Since 2001, China has been piloting the use of ethanol gasoline in several provinces, including the Northeast, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, and Hebei. Over the past five years, the deployment and supply of ethanol gasoline have been strictly controlled by Sinopec and PetroChina, with no room for local refineries. The component oils used in ethanol gasoline blends are largely sourced from these two giants, leaving little or no space for independent producers.
Shandong’s local refineries account for a significant portion of the regional fuel market. About 60% of their refined products are sold within the province, while the rest go to neighboring provinces like Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Hubei, and Jiangsu. However, since 2002, Henan has fully transitioned to ethanol gasoline, and similar pilot programs are underway in Hebei, Hubei, and Jiangsu. These moves have cut into the sales of local refineries by as much as 60–70%.
In early 2024, Sinopec and PetroChina began promoting ethanol gasoline in seven cities in Shandong, including Jinan, Zaozhuang, Tai’an, Jining, Linyi, Liaocheng, and Heze. This move effectively blocks the major markets for Shandong’s independent refiners, who currently lack the right to produce or distribute ethanol gasoline. As a result, their traditional fuel products face an uncertain future.
A representative from the Shandong Provincial Refining and Chemical Industry Association told a reporter: “Before 2006, our sales channels were already being restricted. Now, with the government mandating a closed-loop system for ethanol gasoline, if local refiners cannot obtain allocation rights, they will be completely cut off from the market. This is a dead end for many companies.â€
To address this issue, the association submitted a formal request to the National Development and Reform Commission, calling for the creation of a local ethanol gasoline distribution center. The goal is to ensure fair access to the ethanol gasoline market for Shandong’s independent refiners.
When asked whether local refineries had the capability to produce and blend ethanol gasoline, the representative confirmed: “Yes, they do.†She outlined three key reasons:
First, Shandong’s local refiners hold valid wholesale licenses for refined oil products. In 2002, Shandong Petrochemical Co., Ltd. and Sinopec Shandong Petroleum Co., Ltd. jointly established Shandong Zhonglian Petrochemical Co., Ltd., which was approved by the former State Economic and Trade Commission as a legitimate sales platform for local refiners.
Second, the quality of fuels produced by these companies meets national standards. To reduce sulfur and olefin content, many have invested in advanced technologies such as hydrogenation units, catalytic pretreatment, and gasoline etherification. These upgrades ensure high-quality output.
Third, environmental compliance is up to standard. Local refineries in Shandong meet Class A wastewater discharge requirements under national regulations, showing they can operate sustainably.
“There is no valid reason to exclude these companies from the ethanol gasoline market,†the official concluded.
According to reports, the Shandong Provincial Development and Reform Commission has forwarded the request from local refiners to the National Development and Reform Commission, seeking support for the establishment of a local ethanol gasoline distribution center. This development signals a potential shift in the balance of power within China’s fuel industry.
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