Since the reform and opening-up, China's petroleum and chemical industry has witnessed significant improvements in safety production management. With the establishment and continuous refinement of safety systems, the overall trend of industrial safety has become more stable and predictable. These developments have not only enhanced operational efficiency but also significantly reduced the risk of accidents.
Firstly, the safety supervision system within the industry has been continuously strengthened. In 2001, the State Bureau of Safety Production Supervision was established, later evolving into the General Administration of Work Safety. By October 2003, a dedicated division for the supervision of dangerous chemicals was set up, marking a major step forward in specialized oversight. At the provincial and municipal levels, most regions have also created their own hazardous chemical regulatory agencies, forming a comprehensive top-down safety monitoring network. In 1994, the former Ministry of Chemical Industry issued the "Safety Production Prohibition," which outlined key rules such as the "Fourteen Inaccuracies" in plant areas, the "Six Strictness" for operators, and the "Six Prohibitions" for hot work. These measures played a crucial role in preventing accidents and addressing potential hazards effectively. Over time, additional regulations like the "Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals" and the "Administrative Measures on the Administration of Licensed Hazardous Chemicals" were introduced, ensuring that China’s safety framework aligns with both domestic needs and international standards.
Secondly, companies have improved their internal safety management systems. The concept of the "Three Fundamentals" — basic-level construction, fundamental work, and basic training — has been widely implemented across enterprises. Major companies now have dedicated safety departments staffed with qualified personnel. Since 1999, the annual "Ankang Cup" competition has raised employee awareness about health and safety, encouraging proactive efforts to eliminate unsafe behaviors and resist unlawful commands. Following the WTO entry, many companies adopted the HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment) management system, promoting a people-centered approach focused on prevention and aiming for zero accidents and zero harm.
Thirdly, petroleum and chemical companies have developed comprehensive emergency response plans and established rescue command systems. Regular drills ensure these systems are always ready, minimizing damage during actual incidents. These mechanisms have proven effective in recent security-related emergencies.
In addition, the adoption of high-tech solutions, such as GPS satellite navigation systems in the mid-1990s, has provided reliable technical support for the safe transportation of hazardous materials, further enhancing industry safety.
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